Japan vs Rwanda: Taxation, Retirement and Social Rights for Long-Term Immigrants

Agreed. Let's start with Japan. Long-term residents (over a year) are taxed on worldwide income. The income tax system is progressive, with higher earners paying a larger percentage. There's also a local inhabitant tax and a 10% consumption tax.

Rwanda's tax system is simpler, with generally lower rates than Japan. They have income tax and a value-added tax (VAT), currently around 18%. They've been actively simplifying the system to attract investment.

In Japan, contributing to the National Pension system for at least 10 years grants eligibility for pension benefits. Employees also contribute to the Employees' Pension Insurance. Those not meeting the 10-year requirement might receive a lump-sum payment upon leaving.

Rwanda's Rwanda Social Security Board (RSSB) is the social security system. Both employer and employee contribute. Eligibility and benefits differ from Japan's system, and it's still under development.

Japan offers universal healthcare through National Health Insurance or Employees' Health Insurance. Other benefits include unemployment insurance, workers' compensation, and welfare programs, although navigating these can be challenging due to language barriers and complex procedures.

Rwanda has a community-based health insurance scheme, Mutuelle de Santé, offering affordable healthcare. However, other social support programs like unemployment benefits and comprehensive welfare programs are less developed than in Japan.

For Japan, expect higher taxes but a robust social safety net and universal healthcare. For Rwanda, there's a simpler tax system and lower cost of living, but the social safety net is still evolving. Thorough research and expert consultation are crucial.

Research thoroughly, consult experts, and carefully weigh your options. Each country offers unique advantages and disadvantages.